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Phosphate salts are used extensively to:

  1. Prevent scale deposits

  2. Reduce oxygen in feed water

  3. Increase pH

  4. Enhance lubrication

The correct answer is: Prevent scale deposits

Phosphate salts play a crucial role in boiler operations primarily by preventing scale deposits. Scale forms when minerals in the water precipitate out and accumulate on the surfaces of the boiler and heat exchangers, which can significantly reduce heat transfer efficiency and cause overheating. By introducing phosphate salts into the feed water, these compounds react with calcium and magnesium ions to form soluble complexes, effectively preventing these minerals from precipitating out of the water and depositing as scale. This ability to control scale is essential for maintaining the efficiency and safety of the boiler system. It helps ensure smooth operations, prolongs the lifespan of equipment, and minimizes the need for costly cleanings and repairs. The other options focus on different aspects of boiler water treatment that do not directly involve the primary function of phosphate salts in preventing scale accumulation.